The end user of VPNs usually does not come into contact with Layer-2 VPNs, because if a dedicated line is rented, it is set up in the background by the network operator and appears to the consumer as a physical connection. Only a one-time configuration and Internet access, which is usually available anyway, is required. Compared to a dedicated line, the financial costs are much lower with the benefits of an ip-based link. This technology was replaced with the increasing change from layer 2 to ip-based network technology. With the help of Frame Relay, a permanent, virtual link was established between the sites. Initially, independent lines and connections based on the data link layer were used to connect individual locations. Depending on the protocol, the connection can be encrypted and use different layers. A VPN connection consists of two participants, a client and a server, which establish a connection. The basic structure of a virtual private network is always the same. Instead of a real connection, a tunnel is built over public networks, which is why it is called “virtual private”.
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The connected member has full access to devices, data and services as if he were physically present. With Virtual Private Network (VPN), a solution was created that allows one or more participants to become part of another network. While some users are satisfied with sending files by mail, for a company with different locations and a large number of digital data, a business solution is required. With the increasing access to the Internet, new solutions have emerged. A usb stick was passed around the class to exchange music, you went to your friends house to print some urgent papers or a group of friends met to play games via LAN. Only a few years earlier, the solution to exchange digital information like documents or pictures was to establish a physical connection between the participants.